In cases similar to Tar Creek, which has persistent heavy metal contamination, assessments should thoroughly examine pollutants that could have deep soil penetration or could migrate into water supplies. Regular groundwater and soil monitoring could provide a model for setting baseline and periodic checks aligned with the EPA’s standards.

Drawing from Tar Creek’s remediation efforts, prioritize non invasive techniques that target persistent pollutants like lead and zinc. Phytoremediation or microbial treatments could be explored as part of a sustainable, minimally disruptive cleanup strategy, especially in ecologically sensitive or urban areas where public health is paramount.

Tar Creek’s history underscores the importance of robust long term plans. Risk management plans should include continuous assessments and interventions, such as a cap or containment for soils with residual contaminants, and regular inspections of any preventive structures to avoid future health risks.